Category: Treatment

What is Pain? Pain is a natural response that acts as a warning to indicate harm or potential danger to tissues in our bodies. In other words, pain is the body’s mechanism of self-preservation....

Medication and Chronic Pain Introduction Chronic pain is defined as a type of pain that persists for more than three months and goes beyond the expected time of healing. Such pain often fails to...

Introduction Trigger point injections are injections of local anesthetic (numbing) medication, saline, and/or cortisone , and/or Botulinum Toxin A into the trigger point(s). The aim of a trigger point injection is to relax the...

Buprenorphine patches Introduction Buprenorphine is a synthetic analgesic, belonging to the opioid group of drugs. It is basically an opioid drug, having a combination of agonist and antagonist properties and is 25 times more...

What is Conservative Management? Conservative Management is the category of treatment which includes all sorts of non-surgical treatment for back pain. Research indicates that almost 90% of patients with lower back pain suffer from...

Biosurgery and Synthetic Viscosupplementation Introduction Natural bio-materials have recently emerged as a major trend in surgical procedures. This is mainly due to their traits of bio-compatibility and their ability to integrate and remodel, with...

A 65 year old lady was reviewed in the Pain Clinic. She had undergone left shoulder hemiarthroplasty 2 years previously following a fall in a restaurant. This operation then needed to be revised. She...

Overview of Different Treatment Modalities Treatment Plan Treatment modalities with effective results for low-back pain are generally divided into two categories: Pharmacologic, including medications such as NSAID. Non-pharmacologic, including exercise, lifestyle changes, alternate therapies...

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Glucosamine and Osteoarthritis Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is an arthritis type that is caused by the breakdown and eventual loss of cartilage of one or more joints. The main areas, which are affected by OA,...