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Coping with flare-ups and Chronic Pain Introduction Chronic pain is a pain that persists for an unusually long period of time, which goes beyond the expected time of healing. It can lead to a series of long-term consequences such as loss of physical activity and sleep, a sense of uncertainty and insecurity about the...

Diaphragmatic Breathing and Chronic Pain Introduction Chronic pain is defined as a persistent, long-lasting pain that lasts longer than six months inspite of the required medical treatment. Individuals with chronic pain often tense their muscles in reaction to pain, which in turn aggravate pain altogether. Chronic pain can present itself in a series of...

Pacing and Chronic Pain Introduction Chronic pain is typically defined as a pain that lasts for more than six months, inspite of regular and appropriate medicine being administered. It can often lead to a series of side effects such as hopelessness, depression, anxiety disorders and traumatic stress. Individuals suffering from chronic pain also end...

Relaxation and Chronic Pain Chronic Pain – The Basics Chronic pain is defined as a pain that lasts for 6 months or longer. It is typically defined as a pain that persists for more than the expected course of natural healing of a specific injury or disease. When an individual is inflicted with chronic...

Self-treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome Introduction Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is typically defined as a chronic local or regional musculoskeletal disorder, involving a single muscle or a muscle group. The pain associated with MPS most commonly occurs in the head, neck, shoulders, arms, legs and lower back. Such pain of the Myofascial Pain Syndrome...

Botulinum Toxin Injections for Painful Conditions Introduction While Botulinum toxin, better known by the brand name Botox, may be mostly known for its use in cosmetic procedures, it has also been used as a treatment for a wide variety of painful conditions. Migraines, headaches, neck pain, back pain, hip pain and even upper leg...

Osteoarthritis in the Foot Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and is also known as the degenerative joint disease or wear and tear arthritis. In the condition of osteoarthritis, the cartilage which protects and cushions the joints breaks down over time. Formerly separated by the cartilage, these bones rub against...

Osteoarthritis in the Hip Introduction Osteoarthritis is a type of arthritis caused by the breakdown and loss of cartilage of a joint. Research shows that almost 10 million Americans are affected by osteoarthritis. Individuals with a family history of the disease are more likely to be affected. Besides, individuals who are elderly, obese or...

Management of Flare-Ups in Chronic Pain Introduction A flare-up is basically defined as an episode of intense pain, in which the chronic pain abruptly increases for a brief duration. In this section, we have discussed some of the most important steps that can be taken for the management of flare-ups of chronic pain. Distraction...

Brief Pain Inventory Introduction The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is a self-administered assessment tool used in pain management. The BPI was originally developed from a measure known as the Wisconsin Brief Pain Questionnaire. The basic aim of the BPI is to provide the information on the intensity of pain, along with the degree to...